Chromatin Regulator | Alias | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EZH1 | KMT6B; KIAA0388 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External Links: | Wiki GeneCards NCBI UniProt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Related histone modifications: | H3K27me1;H3K27me2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Introduction | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full Name: Enhancer of zeste homolog 1 . Ezh1 is part of Polycomb repressive complex-2 (PRC2), which is highly conserved from fish to humans. Ezh1 is ubiquitously expressed in comparison with Ezh2, which is a methyltransferase capable of catalyzing the mono-, di-, and trimethylation of H3K27. Ezh1 can act as both a transcriptional activator and suppressor, safeguarding ESC identity and complementing Ezh2 in maintaining pluripotency during ESC differentiation (1-2). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Function and Interaction | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ezh1 is commonly regarded as a transcriptional repressor, but unlike Ezh2, it carries out its repressive function by compacting chromatin, rather than through methylation activity (2). However, recent studies have indicated that Ezh1 can also contribute to transcriptional activation. Ezh1 is related to 2,000-3,000 genes in both myoblasts and myotubes, of which only 14% are associated with H3K27me3. However, Ezh1 binds more extensively to regions characterized by H3K4me3, which serves as an activating epigenetic mark, and is associated with RNA polymerase II (Pol II) elongation and mRNA transcription (3-4). Ezh1 knockout can result in decrease in Pol II enrichment within gene bodies and delay transcription during skeletal muscle cell differentiation, which can be rescued by providing supplemental Ezh1 (3). Additionally, Ezh1 is involved in left-right (LR) patterning through the repression of Nodal expression, and suppression of Ezh1 can result in LR reversal of internal organs (5). Furthermore, Ezh1 interacts with Eed and FoxH1 (5-7). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disease Association | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ChIP-Seq data
ChIP-Seq data of related histone modifications
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| Notice: For bigwiggle or bed file download, if the browser cannot automatically download the file, users can right click the hyperlink and then click the "Save link as..." button, which will automatically redirect to download dialogue box, or click the "Copy link address" button and access the website in a new tab page. For data analysis in Cistrome, users should first login into the Cistrome website, then press the "Send Bed" or "Send Big wiggle" button. For data download by Cistrome, users can follow this tutorial. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1. Shen, X.H., Liu, Y.C., Hsu, Y.J., Fujiwara, Y., Kim, J., Mao, X.H., Yuan, G.C. and Orkin, S.H. (2008) EZH1 Mediates Methylation on Histone H3 Lysine 27 and Complements EZH2 in Maintaining Stem Cell Identity and Executing Pluripotency. Mol Cell, 32, 491-502. 2. Margueron, R., Li, G.H., Sarma, K., Blais, A., Zavadil, J., Woodcock, C.L., Dyniacht, B.D. and Reinberg, D. (2008) Ezh1 and Ezh2 Maintain Repressive Chromatin through Different Mechanisms. Mol Cell, 32, 503-518. 3. Mousavi, K., Zare, H., Wang, A.H.J. and Sartorelli, V. (2012) Polycomb Protein Ezh1 Promotes RNA Polymerase II Elongation. Mol Cell, 45, 255-262. 4. Riising, E.M. and Helin, K. (2012) A New Role for the Polycomb Group Protein Ezh1 in Promoting Transcription. Mol Cell, 45, 145-146. 5. Arai, D., Katsura, H., Shindo, N., Matsumoto, M. and Higashinakagawa, T. (2010) Polycomb group protein Ezh1 represses Nodal and maintains the left-right axis. Dev Biol, 341, 459-463. 6. Jones, C.A., Ng, J., Peterson, A.J., Morgan, K., Simon, J. and Jones, R.S. (1998) The Drosophila esc and E(z) proteins are direct partners in polycomb group-mediated repression. Mol Cell Biol, 18, 2825-2834. 7. van Lohuizen, M., Tijms, M., Voncken, J.W., Schumacher, A., Magnuson, T. and Wientjens, E. (1998) Interaction of mouse polycomb-group (Pc-G) proteins Enx1 and Enx2 with Eed: indication for separate Pc-G complexes. Mol Cell Biol, 18, 3572-3579. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Figure Gallery
About Chromatin Regulator
Chromatin Regulator Cistrome
is a unique database integrating curated information of CRs, CR ChIP-seq datasets, CR related HM ChIP-seq datasets, and analysis of the relationship between CRs and HMs ChIP-seq pairs in human and mouse.